Heating and welding furnace.



PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

W. N. BEST. HEATING AND WELDING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 6, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Jay] z. w 9 v Am 2 1 9 1 bfiilfi t No. 893,974. PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

w. N. BEST. T HEATING AND WELDING PURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 6, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a wwm. {Z7 0 UNI ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM NEWTON BEs'noF NEW YORK, N. Y;, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN H.

. 0F QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM NEWTON BEST, a citizen of the United States, a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and tate of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heating and Welding Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a means whereby an intense and even heat may be maintained in a furnace and whereby'such heat can be directed upon the metal or material resting upon the ottom of the furnace.

Infurnaces as now constructed, the general tendenc the top of tfi cover of t comes hot away.

In this connection, the object of my ine furnace so that the arch or e furnace is the part which bevention is to concentrate the heat at the may 1 than bottom of the furnace, which is advantageous not only in that the bottom of the. furnace be more easily made resistant to'heat readil larly 1n generally rest upon the bottom of the fur naoe and it is there that the greatest heat is desired. i

A further object of the invention-is to proof straight bars or bent therein.

Other objects of the invention relate to the provision for renewal of thevarious parts of the furnace arid for economical construction and operationthereo The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure 1 is a plan of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a rear view of the furnace. Fig. 4 is a transversesection on the line m-x in Fig. 2. Fig. '5 is a hori zontal'section of one of the furnace doors. Fig-,6 is an inside elevation of said door.

1 designates a base or foundation which may be made of common brick or any other suitable material. :On thisbase, the fire- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 6, 1904. Serial No. 201,830.

is to concentrate the heat at furnace,

est and is more quickly wasted the top thereof, and may be more renewed when worn out, butparticuthat the material to beheated willany desired length. bars can be heated Patented July 21, 1908.

brick floor 2 and fire-brick walls 3 are built up, forming a furnace chamber 4 with an inlet openin in the form of an elongated tunnel 5 and t ree door openin s 6, 7 and 8 lying in substantially the sameorizontal plane. casing or shell 9 of sheet iron surrounds BEST AND EZRA BEST,

the entire structure, angle-irons 10 being pr'o vided at each corner to strengthen the same. At the inlet tunnel 5, the front Wall of the furnace is extended as at 1 1 forming a chamber or inlet tunnel that flares from its outer to its inner end, this extension being incased by a metallic extension 12 of the sheet metal casing of the furnace. proper.

. 13 designates the cover or to of the furnace which is bodily removab e from the having eye bolts -14 whereb it may be lifted off by suitable means: The said top or'cover comprises a sheet metal shell or late 15 lined with fire-brick sections or locks 16' which 'are desirably formed as arches having flat bottomed lugs 17 on each end which rest'squarely on the side walls of the furnace to give a firm support for the cover, the sheet metal shell 14 flanges .18 which extend down and inwardly tohold or lock' the fire-brick lining in lace. The arch blocks 16 are preferably shou dered or off-set as at 19, the shoulders of adjoining blocks overhanging or engaging with one another to mutually support one another and having side more effectually prevent passage of heat throu h the joint.

20 esignates an oil burner which is preferably of the type shown and described in my Patent N 0. 752195, dated February 16,,

1904, although other forms may be used,- this burner being located directly in front of and inline with the inlet chamber 5, and

being adapted to direct an atomized blast of hg'drocarbon into said chamber from a point a ove the openingsfi, 7 and 8.

air pressure supply pipe 21 has a controlling valve 22 and a discharge outlet or nozzle the hydrocarbon blast and preferably directly below the same so as to discharge a blast of air in to the inlet'chamber beneath the hydrocarbon blast. Each of the openings 6, 7 and 8 is provided with a closure or door 24; these doors are preferably made removable bodily from 23 located adjacent to the course of the furnace by means of eye bolts 25, each door com rising a casing or shell 26 of sheet metal an a lining 2.7 of fire-brick or other suitable refractory material. I I prefer to make the casing orv shell 26 with a flange 28 that tapers inwardly as shown in Fig. 5, so as to hold the lining from inward displacement and also to taper the said shell downwardly so that in case the bottom of the door, Which is the part most liable to burn out, burns away, the shape of the casin will retain the rest of the lining from falling own. The furnace wall is made with ledges, brackets, or projections 29 at said openings 6, 7, 8, to receive and su port the doors, the taper or inclination of t e door bottom causing the door to ti at a slight angle against the furnace we or against rojections or ribs thereon, on each sidefof the opening.

opening 34 in the flange atthe top of the door permits insertion of the fire-brick sections. A spout 30 may be provided at one side of the furnace to draw off slag, said spout communicatin with an opening 31 in the furnace wall. Tie bottom ofthe heating chamber 4 is preferably below .the inlet 5 and may be covered with sand or other refractory material to form an easily renewable. layer protecting the fire-brick below, from the action of the heat.

In using the furnace, the oil and steam blast is turned on by oil and steam pipes 32, 33, at burner 20 thereby producing a blast or jet of atomized liquid fuel which burns within the inlet chamber or tunnel 5, the

* latter forming an expansion and combustion chamber.

It will be understood that the furnace is particularly intended for heating and reheating iron and steel to enable the same to be workedunder hammers, rolls and the like. In some of suchoperations it will be sufficient to use the burner alone, without the use of the air blast; In case the iron is to be heated to welding heat or, if for any other reason, a high temperature is desired, the air blast is turned on at nozzle 23 and issues in a jet or stream of considerable force-directly beneath and parallel to the issuing jet or stream of atomized oil. I prefer to use a considerable pressure, say, 80 pounds or more, so that the air jet will have a very high velocity. I have found that with such an air blast disposed in this manner, the

. combustion-is not only more perfect but is concentrated on the bottom of the furnace or upon the material glaced upon the bottom of the furnace. t will, therefore, be seen that I use a burner to atomize the liquid fuel and an air blast, or forced draft, to cause the combustion to take lace from below the fuel, thus to force the ame upon the metal or part to be heated in order to concentrate the heat. The superheating combustion chamber 5 flares inwardly and enables the expansion of the flame to assist it into the furnace, and prevent any explosion of the flame from the outer end of said chamber.

The doors 24 will be placed in position or removed as may be required by the work in hand, thus,-in case a long straight bar, rail or bundle is to be heated, the two side doors may be removed and the material inserted therethrough, while if a bent bar or rail is to be heated, one side and one end door may be removed to enable insertion of the same. The furnace chamber having three openings, two .of which are 0 posite and parallel to one another, while t e third is intermediate and transverse to the others, enablesstraight or bent articles to be inserted as stated.

It will be understood that the furnace can be built in any desired size or shape to adapt it to particular purposes, and the construction and arrangement of the parts may be modified in various ways without departing from my invention.

I have found in ractice that by the use of the superheating c amber, above described, the combustion therein is so perfect that there is no flame in the furnace proper.

By the term heating-furnace and heating chamber, I mean any furnace or chamber intended or adapted for the heating or melting of metal or any other material.

It is to be noted that the furnace chamber is closed throughout above thelevel of the inlet tunnel 5. In practical operation, the metal to be welded or heated for any pur ose will be placed upon the floor of the chem er,

thus being below the level of the inwardlyflaring tunnel, and when the doors are closed the burner and air-jet may be started into operation, whereupon the fuel is injected into the chamber, and being there ignited, the combustion takes place, and as the air nozzle injects air underneath the inflowing fuel, the combustion takes place with great intensity from the underside of the injected fuel. The upper portion of the chamberbeing closed to the external air, and the atmospheric air being able to reach the same only by passing upward through the fuel, the combustion of the fuel is more intense toward the floor of the furnace than toward the to of the furnace, so that the heat is thereby 'orced downward upon the material on the fioor of the furnace. By this arrangement the heat is directed evenly downward upon the floor and upon the objects thereon, thus effecting very rapid and even heating of the same.

What I claim is I A furnace comprising a chamber provided on one side with an elongated inwardly-flan ing tunnel and on other sides with openings and with closures for said openings, the chamber being provided with a floor below the level of the tunnel and being closed throughout above the level of said tunnel, an two subscribing'witnesses at Los Angeles, in oil burner to direct flame through the tunnel the county of Los Angeles and State of Caliinto the chamber, and an air nozzle below the fornia, this 29th day of March, 1904. 10 oil burner to inject air beneath the fuel into j WILLIAM NEWTON BEST. 5 the chamber. 4 In the presence of In testimony whereof, I have signed my ARTHUR PVKNIGHT,

name to this specification in the presence of JULIA TOWNSEND. 

